Prostate Diseases
Prostate diseases are medical conditions that affect the prostate gland, a small walnut-shaped organ that produces seminal fluid in men. The prostate is located just below the bladder and surrounds the urethra, the tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body. Common prostate diseases include:
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
- BPH is a non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate gland that occurs as men age.
- Symptoms may include frequent or urgent need to urinate, difficulty starting or maintaining a urine stream, and a weak urine stream.
Prostatitis
- It is an inflammation of the prostate gland, which can mainly be caused by infection or other factors.
- Symptoms may include pain or discomfort in the pelvic area, lower back, or genitals, as well as urinary symptoms like pain during urination.
Prostate Cancer
- Prostate cancer is a malignant growth in the prostate gland and is the second most common cancer in men.
- Risk factors include age, family history, race (for example, African American men have a higher risk for developing prostate cancer), and certain genetic factors.
- Early-stage prostate cancer may not cause symptoms, but advanced stages can lead to urinary problems, pain in the bones, and other potential symptoms.
Prostate Nodules
- Nodules or lumps can form in the prostate gland. While some may be benign, others could be cancerous.
- Prostate nodules are often discovered during a digital rectal exam (DRE) or through imaging studies.
Prostate Abscess
- This is a rare condition where a collection of pus forms within the prostate.
- It is usually caused by a bacterial infection and can lead to symptoms like fever, chills, and pain in the pelvic region.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Prostate Diseases
- Diagnosis of prostate diseases often involves a combination of medical history, physical examination (including DRE), blood tests (such as PSA levels), and imaging studies.
- When it comes to treatment, it varies depending on the specific condition and its severity. It may include medications, lifestyle changes, surgical procedures, or a combination of these.
However, it is important for men, especially as they age, to have regular check-ups with healthcare providers and to discuss any changes in urinary habits or other symptoms that may indicate a prostate issue. Early detection and appropriate management of prostate diseases are crucial for favourable treatment and diagnosis.
